584
Index
leachate
4, 8, 88, 158, 209, 211, 214, 499
lead contamination
70
Leclercia sp. S5C
231
Lemna minor
59
Lichenysin
351
life cycle assessment (LCA)
323–324,
414, 416, 424
life cycle cost (LCC)
416
life cycle evaluation (LCA)
324, 416
lignin ([C9H10O3(OCH3)0.11–3.9]x)
267
lignin degradation
148, 149, 272–275
lignin degrading fungi
272–273
lignin modifying enzymes
136, 148
lignin peroxidases (LiP)
53, 62, 136, 148,
149, 275
lignin production
148
lignin-degrading bacteria
274
ligno-cellulases
115
lignocellulose and starchy residues
biobutanol production
economics of
465–468
feasibility of
463
butanol production
cost
467
pretreatment
463–465
lignocellulose saccharification
258
lignocellulosic agricultural waste
57
lignocellulosic and starchy wastes
composition of
461–462
waste generation
460–461
lignocellulosic biomass (LCB)
178, 317,
458
bioethanol production
267
biological pretreatment techniques
272, 273
delignification
274
enzymatic hydrolysis
276–277
fermentation
277–279
fungi and bacteria
273
laccases
275
lignin degrading fungi
272–273
lignin peroxidases (LiP)
275
lignin-degrading bacteria
274
manganese peroxidases (MnPs)
275
pretreatment methods
269–270
processing
268–271
sources of
266
structure and composition of
266–267
versatile peroxidase (VP)
276
lignocellulosic feedstocks
460–461, 466,
477, 480, 485, 491, 500
ligno-cellulosic material
143, 324, 363,
461, 499–500, 525, 544
lignocellulosic residues
458, 463–464
structural composition
462
lignocellulosic waste degradation
144,
150
lignocellulosic waste pretreatment
methods
478
lipase
36–37, 40–41, 43, 103, 127–128,
131, 133, 135, 164, 242, 323, 325,
513, 515–516, 524–525
lipid waste
39, 41
lipid-based biofuels
227–228
lipid-rich substrate
500
liquid detergents
512
liquid effluents
39, 189, 476
liquid food wastes
38
low-density polyethylene (LDPE)
514
L. tayloriiphos
193
L. taylorii
193
m
Macrococcus caseolyticus
238
macroplastics
96
magenta
52
magnetic nanoparticle conjugated
metalloenzyme
354
magnetic nanoparticles
39, 42, 238, 344,
348, 350–353, 356
magnetite nanoparticles
344
malachite green
52, 179, 180, 202, 335,
336
maltogenic amylase
42
manganese peroxidases (MnPs)
53, 136,
148, 149, 275
Mannan degradation
146
marine algae
320, 439, 449
marine biowaste
crustacean by-products
549–550
fish processing by-products
549
marine environments
85, 95, 98, 99,
156
marine water algae
downstream procedures
323
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
324
naturally occurring
322–323
pre-treatment
323
market milk
559
material homogeneity
429
Mediated Electron Transfer (MET)
306,
308